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合肥市闲置国有土地处置办法

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合肥市闲置国有土地处置办法

安徽省合肥市人民政府


合肥市闲置国有土地处置办法


2003年2月28日合肥市人民政府令第100号发布



第一条 为依法处置闲置国有土地,提高土地利用率,促进经济发展和城市建设,根据《中华人民共和国土地管理法》、《中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法》和《闲置土地处置办法》,结合本市实际,制定本办法。

第二条 本市行政区域内闲置国有土地(不含国有农、林场使用的农用地)的处置,适用本办法。

第三条 本办法所称闲置国有土地,是指土地使用者在未经原批准用地的市、县人民政府同意,超过规定的期限未动工开发建设或开发建设未达到规定条件的国有土地。主要包括以下几种情形:

(一)土地使用者自动工开发建设起算日起满1年未动工开发建设的;

(二)已动工开发建设,实际开发用地面积未达到应开发建设用地总面积的1/3且中止开发建设满1年的;

(三)已动工开发建设,投资额占项目总投资额不足25%且中止开发建设满1年的;

(四)未依法使用的征地转户后剩余的土地;

(五)法律、法规规定的其它情形。

第四条 本办法所称动工开发建设是指按照经批准的施工图进行建设且建筑基础达到±0.00标高的情形;

本办法所称动工开发建设起算日,分别按下列规定确定:

(一)以有偿方式(包括出让、租赁、作价出资或入股,下同)取得土地使用权的,为国有土地有偿使用合同约定的动工开发建设日期;国有土地有偿使用合同未约定动工开发建设日期的,为签订合同满1年之日;

(二)以划拨方式取得土地使用权的,为建设用地批准书规定的动工开发建设日期或者建设用地批准书颁发之日。

第五条 土地使用者应当按照土地有偿使用合同或建设用地批准书的规定的期限动工开发。因不可抗力或者规划调整等原因以及动工开发必需的前期工作造成动工开发延迟的,土地使用者应在规定的期限届满前1个月内向市、县国土资源行政主管部门申请延长开发建设时间,经审查情况属实的,应当予以延长,但每次延长不得超过1年。

第六条 市、县国土资源行政主管部门对其认定的闲置土地,应当通知土地使用者,并拟订该宗土地处置方案(闲置土地依法设立抵押权的,还应告知抵押权人参与处置方案的拟订工作),经原批准用地的市、县人民政府批准后组织实施。

第七条 土地使用者闲置土地满1年未动工开发建设,以出让方式取得土地使用权的,按出让金20%以下缴纳闲置费;以划拨方式取得土地使用权的,按每平方米5—10元的标准缴纳闲置费。

第八条 土地使用者闲置土地满2年(包括取得土地使用权满2年未实施拆迁的),经原批准用地的市、县人民政府批准可无偿收回土地使用权。因本办法第五条规定的原因造成动工开发建设延迟的情形除外。

第九条 闲置土地时间未满2年,或者已满2年但该项目属国家鼓励发展的项目,可按下列方式处置:

(一)由市、县国土资源行政主管部门安排临时使用,待原项目开发建设条件具备后,重新批准开发建设;

(二)收回现有国有土地使用权,为土地使用者置换等价的土地;

(三)采取招标、拍卖等方式确定新的土地使用者,并对原土地使用者参照投入成本予以补偿;

(四)收回土地使用权,对土地使用者所投入的成本进行审核,待该地块处置后参照投入成本予以补偿;

(五)土地使用者与市、县国土资源行政主管部门签订土地使用权交还协议,将土地使用权交还给政府,该土地使用者需要使用土地时,政府按照土地使用权交还协议的约定供应与其交还土地等价的土地。

本条(三)、(四)两项给原土地使用者补偿金额最高不得超过该宗地处置后所得金额。

第十条 对规划调整等原因造成土地闲置,土地使用者已支付部分土地有偿使用费或征地费用的,可以按照实际交款额占应交款额的比例折算,确定相应土地给原用地者使用,其余部分由政府收回。

第十一条 闲置未满2年,土地使用者自愿交回土地或申请协商退地的,待政府对该土地使用权处置后参照投入成本予以补偿,其地上建筑物、附着物一并收回。

第十二条 受让(划拨)土地面积过大,土地使用者未按有偿使用合同或建设用地批准文件投入资金导致开发进度滞后的,经原批准用地的市、县人民政府批准,可以修改国有土地使用权出让合同(划拨决定书),减少土地供应面积。

第十三条 房地产开发企业依法取得土地使用权后,房地产开发资质被依法注销而不能继续进行开发的,土地使用权由市、县人民政府收回,并参照房地产开发企业对该宗土地的投入予以适当补偿。

第十四条 土地使用权被法院依法查封或因诉讼、仲裁而无法按原来规定的期限动工开发建设的,土地使用者应按本办法第五条的规定申请延期。该诉讼或仲裁并不影响开发建设的,土地使用者应当按规定的期限开发。

第十五条 因转让取得土地使用权的,新的土地使用者应当按照原土地有偿使用合同规定的期限和条件开发建设。

第十六条 农村集体经济组织的耕地被征用完以后,其全部成员转为城镇居民的,其余的土地属于国家所有,由市、县人民政府收回,按城市规划统一开发利用,市、县人民政府对原农村集体经济组织和使用者按照征地办法规定的标准给予补偿。

第十七条 依法收回的国有土地应当纳入政府土地储备库。原土地使用者对其领取的国有土地使用证、建设用地规划许可证、房屋拆迁许可证应当在15日内办理注销手续,逾期不办理的,分别由发证机关直接注销并予以公告。

第十八条 本办法自2003年4月1日起施行。



中华人民共和国邮政法(附英文)

全国人民代表大会


中华人民共和国主席令(六届第47号)

《中华人民共和国邮政法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议于1986年12月2日通过,现予公布,自1987年1月1日起施行。

中华人民共和国主席 李先念
1986年12月2日


中华人民共和国邮政法

(1986年12月2日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议通过 1986年12月2日中华人民共和国主席令第四十七号公布 自1987年1月1日起施行)

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了保护通信自由和通信秘密,保障邮政工作的正常进行,促进邮政事业的发展,以适应社会主义建设和人民生活的需要,根据《中华人民共和国宪法》,制定本法。
第二条 国务院邮政主管部门管理全国邮政工作。
国务院邮政主管部门根据需要设立地区邮政管理机构,管理各该地区的邮政工作。
第三条 国务院邮政主管部门所属的邮政企业是全民所有制的经营邮政业务的公用企业。
邮政企业按照国务院邮政主管部门的规定设立经营邮政业务的分支机构。
第四条 通信自由和通信秘密受法律保护。除因国家安全或者追查刑事犯罪的需要,由公安机关、国家安全机关或者检察机关依照法律规定的程序对通信进行检查外,任何组织或者个人不得以任何理由侵犯他人的通信自由和通信秘密。
第五条 用户交寄的邮件、交汇的汇款和储蓄的存款受法律保护。除法律另有规定外,任何组织或者个人不得检查、扣留。
第六条 邮政企业应当为用户提供迅速、准确、安全、方便的邮政服务。
除法律另有规定外,邮政企业和邮政工作人员不得向任何组织或者个人提供用户使用邮政业务的情况。
第七条 邮件和汇款在未投交收件人、收款人之前,所有权属于寄件人或者汇款人。
第八条 信件和其他具有信件性质的物品的寄递业务由邮政企业专营,但是国务院另有规定的除外。
邮政企业根据需要可以委托其他单位或者个人代办邮政企业专营的业务。代办人员办理邮政业务时,适用本法关于邮政工作人员的规定。
第九条 任何单位或者个人不得伪造或者冒用邮政专用标志、邮政标志服和邮政专用品。
第二章 邮政企业的设置和邮政设施
第十条 邮政企业及其分支机构的设置标准,由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十一条 邮政企业应当在方便群众的地方设置分支机构、邮亭、报刊亭、邮筒等设施,或者进行流动服务。
城市居民楼应当设置住户接收邮件的信报箱。
在较大的车站、机场、港口和宾馆内,应当设有办理邮政业务的场所。
第三章 邮政业务的种类和资费
第十二条 邮政企业经营下列业务:
(一)国内和国际邮件寄递;
(二)国内报刊发行;
(三)邮政储蓄、邮政汇兑;
(四)国务院邮政主管部门规定的适合邮政企业经营的其他业务。
第十三条 邮政企业及其分支机构不得擅自停办国务院邮政主管部门和地区邮政管理机构规定的必须办理的邮政业务。
因不可抗力或者特殊原因,邮政企业及其分支机构需要暂时停止或者限制办理部分邮政业务,必须经国务院邮政主管部门或者地区邮政管理机构批准。
第十四条 邮政企业应当加强报刊发行工作。出版单位委托邮政企业发行报刊,应当与邮政企业订立发行合同。
第十五条 邮政业务的基本资费,由国务院物价主管部门制定,报国务院批准。非基本资费由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十六条 各类邮件资费的交付,以邮资凭证或者证明邮资已付的戳记表示。
第十七条 邮票、邮资信封、邮资明信片、邮资邮简等邮资凭证由国务院邮政主管部门发行,任何单位或者个人不得伪造。
仿印邮票图案的管理办法,由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十八条 售出的邮资凭证不得向邮政企业及其分支机构兑换现金。
停止使用的邮资凭证,由国务院邮政主管部门在停止使用前一个月公告并停止出售,持有人可以自公告之日起六个月内向邮政企业及其分支机构换取有效的邮资凭证。
第十九条 下列邮资凭证不得使用:
(一)经国务院邮政主管部门公告已经停止使用的;
(二)盖销或者划销的;
(三)污染、残缺或者褪色、变色,难以辨认的;
(四)从邮资信封、邮资明信片、邮资邮简上剪下的邮票图案。
第四章 邮件的寄递
第二十条 用户交寄邮件,必须遵守国务院有关主管部门关于禁止寄递物品、限量寄递物品的规定。
第二十一条 用户交寄除信件以外的其他邮件,应当交邮政企业或者其分支机构当面验视内件。拒绝验视的,不予收寄。
用户交寄的信件必须符合准寄内容的规定,必要时邮政企业及其分支机构有权要求用户取出进行验视。
第二十二条 邮政企业及其分支机构应当按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的时限投交邮件。
第二十三条 无法投递的邮件,应当退回寄件人。
无法投递又无法退回的信件,在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内无人认领的,由地区邮政管理机构负责销毁。
无法投递又无法退回的进口国际邮递物品,在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内无人认领的,由海关依法处理。
无法投递又无法退回的其他邮件的处理办法,由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第二十四条 邮政汇款的收款人应当自收到汇款通知之日起两个月内凭有效证明到邮政企业或者其分支机构兑领汇款;逾期未领的汇款,由邮政企业或者其分支机构退回汇款人。自退汇通知投交汇款人之日起满十个月未被领回的汇款,上缴国库。
第二十五条 寄递邮件逐步实行邮政编码,具体办法由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第五章 邮件的运输、验关和检疫
第二十六条 铁路、公路、水运、航空等运输单位均负有载运邮件的责任,保证邮件优先运出,并在运费上予以优惠。
第二十七条 邮政企业在车站、机场、港口转运邮件,有关运输单位应当统一安排装卸邮件的场所和出入通道。
第二十八条 带有邮政专用标志的邮政车船和邮政工作人员进出港口、通过渡口时,应当优先放行。带有邮政专用标志的邮政车辆需要通过禁行路线或者在禁止停车地段停车的,由有关主管部门核准通行、停车。
第二十九条 邮件通过海上运输时,不参与分摊共同海损。
第三十条 国际邮递物品未经海关查验放行,邮政企业不得寄递。国际邮袋出入境、开拆和封发,应当由海关监管。邮政企业应当将作业时间事先通知海关,海关应当按时派员到场监管查验。
第三十一条 依法应当施行卫生检疫或者动植物检疫的邮件,由检疫部门负责拣出并进行检疫;未经检疫部门许可,邮政企业不得运递。
第六章 损失赔偿
第三十二条 用户对交寄的给据邮件和交汇的汇款,可以在交寄或者交汇之日起一年内,持据向收寄、收汇的邮政企业或者其分支机构查询。邮政企业及其分支机构应当在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内将查询结果通知查询人。
查复期满无结果的,邮政企业应当先予赔偿或者采取补救措施。自赔偿之日起一年内,查明有本法第三十四条第(二)项和第(三)项情形之一的,邮政企业有权收回赔偿。
第三十三条 邮政企业对于给据邮件丢失、损毁、内件短少,依照下列规定赔偿或者采取补救措施:
(一)挂号信件,按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的金额赔偿。
(二)保价邮件,丢失或者全部损毁的,按照保价额赔偿;内件短少或者部分损毁的,按照保价额同邮件全部价值的比例对邮件实际损失予以赔偿。
(三)非保价邮包,按照邮包实际损失价值赔偿,但是最高不超过国务院邮政主管部门规定的限额。
(四)其他给据邮件,按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的办法赔偿或者采取补救措施。
第三十四条 有下列情形之一的,邮政企业不负赔偿责任:
(一)平常邮件的损失;
(二)由于用户的责任或者所寄物品本身的原因造成给据邮件损失的;
(三)除汇款和保价邮件以外的其他给据邮件由于不可抗力的原因造成损失的;
(四)用户自交寄给据邮件或者交汇汇款之日起满一年未查询又未提出赔偿要求的。
第三十五条 用户因损失赔偿同邮政企业发生争议的,可以要求邮政企业的上级主管部门处理,对处理不服的可以向人民法院起诉;也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
第七章 罚 则
第三十六条 隐匿、毁弃或者非法开拆他人信件,侵犯公民通信自由权利,情节严重的,依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十九条的规定追究刑事责任;尚不够刑事处罚的,依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》第二十二条的规定处罚。
第三十七条 邮政工作人员私自开拆或者隐匿、毁弃邮件的,依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百九十一条第一款的规定追究刑事责任。
犯前款罪而窃取财物的,依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百九十一条第二款的规定,按贪污罪从重处罚。
第三十八条 故意损毁邮筒等邮政公用设施,尚不够刑事处罚的,依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》第二十五条的规定处罚;情节严重的,依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百五十六条的规定追究刑事责任。
第三十九条 邮政工作人员拒不办理依法应当办理的邮政业务的,故意延误投递邮件的,给予行政处分。邮政工作人员玩忽职守,致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的,依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百八十七条的规定追究刑事责任。
第四十条 违反本法第八条规定,经营信件和其他具有信件性质的物品的寄递业务的,由工商行政管理部门责令其将收寄的信件和其他具有信件性质的物品及收取的资费退还寄件人,处以罚款。
当事人对处罚决定不服的,可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉;逾期不起诉又不履行的,由工商行政管理部门申请人民法院强制执行。
第八章 附 则
第四十一条 本法下列用语的含义是:
(一)邮件:指通过邮政企业寄递的信件、印刷品、邮包、汇款通知、报刊等。
(二)信件:指信函和明信片。
(三)平常邮件:指邮政企业及其分支机构在收寄时不出具收据,投递时不要求收件人签收的邮件。
(四)给据邮件:指挂号信件、邮包、保价邮件等由邮政企业及其分支机构在收寄时出具收据,投递时要求收件人签收的邮件。
(五)国际邮递物品:指中华人民共和国与其他国家和地区的用户相互寄递的印刷品和邮包。
(六)邮政专用品:指邮政日戳、邮政夹钳和邮袋。
第四十二条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的有关国际邮政事务的国际条约同本法有不同规定的,适用该国际条约的规定。但是,中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第四十三条 国务院邮政主管部门根据本法制定实施细则,报国务院批准施行。
第四十四条 本法自1987年1月1日起施行。






POSTAL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
POSTAL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 47 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on December 2, 1986, and
effective as of January 1, 1987)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Establishment of Postal Enterprises and Postal Facilities
Chapter III Classification of Postal Businesses and Postal Rates
Chapter IV Posting and Delivery of Postal Materials
Chapter V Transportation, Customs Examination and Quarantine
Inspection of Postal Materials
Chapter VI Compensation for Losses
Chapter VII Penalty Provisions
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People's
Republic of China, with a view to protecting freedom and privacy of
correspondence, ensuring normal progress of postal work, and promoting
development of postal services, so as to suit the needs of socialist
construction and the livelihood of the people.
Article 2
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall
administer postal services throughout the country.
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall
set up regional administrative organs of postal services as required to
administer postal services of each region.
Article 3
The postal enterprises attached to the competent department of postal
services under the State Council are public enterprises, owned by the
whole people, that operate postal businesses.
According to stipulations of the competent department of postal services
under the State Council, postal enterprises shall establish branch offices
that operate postal businesses
Article 4
Freedom and privacy of correspondence shall be protected by law. No
organization or individual shall infringe upon the freedom and privacy of
correspondence of other persons for any reason, except when the inspection
of correspondence in accordance with legal procedures by the public
security organ, the state security organ or the procuratorial organ is
necessary for the state's safety or the investigation of criminal offence.
Article 5
Postal materials handed in or posted, remittances made and savings
deposited by users shall be protected by law, and shall not be inspected
and withheld by any organization or individual except as otherwise
provided by law.
Article 6
Postal enterprises shall provide users with fast, accurate, safe and
convenient postal services.
Postal enterprises and postal staff shall not provide information to any
organization or individual about users' dealings with postal services
except as otherwise provided for by law.
Article 7
Postal materials and remittances shall be owned by senders and remitters
before they are delivered to recipients and remittees.
Article 8
Posting and delivery services of mail and other articles with
characteristics of mail shall be exclusively operated by postal
enterprises, except as otherwise provided by the State Council.
Postal enterprises may, according to needs, entrust other units or
individuals as agents to run businesses exclusively operated by postal
enterprises. The provisions on postal personnel specified in this Law
shall apply to agents when they handle postal businesses.
Article 9
No unit or individual shall produce false copies or make fraudulent use of
special postal marks, postal uniforms and special postal articles.

Chapter II Establishment of Postal Enterprises and Postal Faci- lities
Article 10
Standards for establishment of postal enterprises and their branch offices
shall be formulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council.
Article 11
Postal enterprises shall establish branch offices, postal kiosks,
newspaper and periodical stands, mailboxes, etc., in places convenient to
the masses, or provide mobile services. Residents' mailboxes for receiving
letters and newspapers shall be installed in residential buildings in
cities.
Places shall be provided for handling postal business in larger railway
stations, airports, ports and guest houses.

Chapter III Classification of Postal Businesses and Postal Rates
Article 12
Postal enterprises operate the following businesses:
(1) posting and delivery of domestic and international postal materials;
(2) distributing domestic newspapers and periodicals;
(3) postal savings and postal remittances; and
(4) other suitable businesses stipulated by the competent department of
postal services under the State Council.
Article 13
Postal enterprises and their branch offices shall not arbitrarily close
down postal businesses that must be handled according to the stipulations
made by the competent department of postal services under the State
Council and the regional administrative organ of postal services.
Owing to force majeure or special reasons, if postal enterprises and their
branch offices need to close down temporarily or restrict the handling of
some postal businesses, they must obtain approval of the competent
department of postal services under the State Council or of regional
postal administrative organs.
Article 14
Postal enterprises shall strengthen distribution work of newspapers and
periodicals. If publishing units entrust postal enterprises with
distribution of newspapers and periodicals, they must make distribution
contracts with postal enterprises.
Article 15
The basic postal rates of postal services shall be set by the competent
department in charge of pricing under the State Council and shall be
reported to the State Council for approval. Non-basic postal rates shall
be formulated by the competent department of postal services under the
State Council.
Article 16
The payment of postage on various postal materials shall be indicated by
postage certificates or by postmarks showing postage paid.
Article 17
Postage stamps, stamped envelopes, stamped postcards, stamped aerogrammes
and other postage certificates shall be issued by the competent department
of postal services under the State Council, and no unit or individual
shall be allowed to produce false copies. The administrative measures on
making facsimiles of stamp patterns shall be formulated by the competent
department of postal services under the State Council.
Article 18
Postage certificates sold shall not be cashed in postal enterprises or
their branch offices. Postage certificates to be withdrawn from
circulation shall be announced to the public, and sales will be stopped
one month in advance by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council. Holders of such postage certificates may exchange them
for valid postage certificates at postal enterprises and their branch
offices within six months from the date of the announcement.
Article 19
The following postage certificates shall not be used:
(1) those which the competent department of postal services under the
State Council has announced as withdrawn from usage;
(2) those that have been postmarked or cancelled;
(3) those that are contaminated, incomplete or illegible due to fading or
discolouring; and
(4) stamp patterns cut from stamped envelopes, stamped postcards and
stamped aerogrammes.

Chapter IV Posting and Delivery of Postal Materials
Article 20
In handing in or posting postal materials, users must abide by the
provisions formulated by the relevant competent department under the State
Council on articles forbidden to post or deliver and articles to be posted
or delivered in limited amounts.
Article 21
The contents of postal materials, other than letters, to be handed in or
posted by users, shall be checked on the spot by postal enterprises or
branch offices, and if such examination is refused, the postal material
shall not be accepted and posted. Mail handed in or posted by users must
be in line with the stipulations concerning the content allowed to be
posted; postal enterprises and their branch offices have the right to
request users to take out the contents for examination, when necessary.
Article 22
Postal enterprises and their branch offices shall deliver postal materials
within the time limits laid down by the competent department of postal
services under the State Council.
Article 23
Undeliverable postal materials shall be returned to the senders.
Mail that is both undeliverable and unreturnable, and unclaimed within the
time limit stipulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council, shall be destroyed on the authority of regional
administrative organs of postal services. Incoming international postal
articles that are undeliverable and unreturnable, and unclaimed within the
time limit stipulated by the competent department of postal offices under
the State Council, shall be handled by the Customs in accordance with the
law. Disposal measures for other undeliverable and unreturnable postal
materials shall be formulated by the competent department of postal
services under the State Council.
Article 24
The remittees of postal remittances shall cash the postal remittances with
valid documents at postal enterprises or branch offices within two months
of receiving notice of a postal remittance. Remittances unclaimed when the
time period expires shall be returned to the remitters by postal
enterprises or branch offices. Returned remittances which are unclaimed
for a period of ten months, counting from the date of delivering the
return-remittance notice to the remitter, shall be turned over to the
state treasury.
Article 25
In posting and delivering postal materials, postal codes shall be adopted
gradually, and specific pertinent measures shall be formulated by the
competent department of postal services under the State Council.

Chapter V Transportation, Customs Examination and Quarantine Ins- pection of Postal Materials
Article 26
Transportation units operating railways, highways, waterways and airlines
shall all have the responsibility of carrying and transporting postal
materials, and shall ensure priority to transporting postal materials at
preferential freight charges.
Article 27
When postal enterprises transfer postal materials in railway stations,
airports and ports, transportation units concerned shall make coordinated
arrangement of space and in-and-out passageways for loading and unloading
postal materials.
Article 28
Ships with special postal marks, postal vans and postal staff shall be
given priority in entering and departing ports and crossing on ferries.
Postal vehicles with special postal marks which need to pass through a
lane closed to traffic or to stop in no-parking sections of the road shall
be verified and approved by the competent department concerned for passing
or parking.
Article 29
When transported by sea, postal materials shall not be included in
arrangements for sharing common sea losses.
Article 30
Postal enterprises shall not post or deliver international postal articles
that are not examined and allowed to pass by the Customs. The Customs
shall supervise the entry and exit, opening, sealing and dispatching of
international mailbags. Postal enterprises shall inform the Customs of
their business hours in advance, and the Customs shall promptly send
officials to supervise on-the-spot checking and examination.
Article 31
Postal materials that are subject to health and quarantine inspections or
animal and plant quarantine inspections according to law shall be sorted
out and quarantined under the charge of quarantine offices; no
transportation and delivery shall be conducted by postal enterprises
without a permit from a quarantine office.

Chapter VI Compensation for Losses
Article 32
Users may present receipts and inquire, within one year counting from the
date of the posting or remitting, about vouchered postal materials and
remittances which they handed in for posting or remitting at the postal
enterprises or their branch offices that took in the postal materials or
accepted the remittances. Postal enterprises or branch offices shall
inform inquirers of the results of inquiry within the time limit set by
the competent department of postal services under the State Council.
If no result is found within the time limit for responding to the inquiry,
postal enterprises shall make compensation first or take remedial
measures. Within a year counting from the date of making such
compensation, if it is ascertained that the circumstance for which the
compensation was made conforms with either Item (2) or Item (3) of Article
34 of this Law, the postal enterprises shall have the right to recall the
compensation.
Article 33
For loss, damage, destruction or missing contents of vouchered postal
materials, postal enterprises shall make compensation or take remedial
measures according to the following stipulations:
(1) For registered mail, compensation shall be made according to standard
amounts formulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council.
(2) For insured postal materials which are lost or totally damaged or
destroyed, compensation shall be made according to the insurance coverage.
For missing contents or partial damage or destruction of insured postal
materials, compensation shall be made according to the actual losses of
the postal materials, based on the ratio between the insurance coverage
and the whole value of the postal materials.
(3) For uninsured postal parcels, compensation shall be made according to
the actual damage due to loss of such postal parcels, but the maximum
compensation shall not exceed the amount formulated by the competent
department of postal services under the State Council.
(4) For other types of vouchered postal materials, compensation shall be
made or remedial measures taken according to the measures provided for by
the competent department of postal services under the State Council.
Article 34
Postal enterprises shall not be held liable for compensation if one of the
following situations occurs:
(1) losses of ordinary postal materials;
(2) losses of vouchered postal materials caused by the user or due to some
characteristic of the posted articles per se;
(3) losses of vouchered postal materials, other than postal remittances
and insured postal materials, caused by force majeure; and
(4) users failing to inquire about or demand compensation at the end of
one year, counting from the date of handing in or posting the vouchered
postal materials or making the remittance.
Article 35
If disputes over compensation for losses occur between users and postal
enterprises, users may request the competent department of postal services
at higher levels to settle; users who refuse to accept the settlement
thereof may file lawsuits with the people's court; users may also file
lawsuits with the people's court directly.

Chapter VII Penalty Provisions
Article 36
Persons who infringe upon the citizens' right to freedom of correspondence
by concealing, destroying, discarding or illegally opening mail of another
person, where circumstances are serious, shall be investigated for
criminal liability according to the provisions of Article 149 of the
Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China; those whose acts are not
serious enough for criminal punishment shall be punished according to the
provisions of Article 22 of Regulations of the People's Republic of China
on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.
Article 37
Postal personnel who without permission open or conceal, destroy or
discard postal materials shall be investigated for criminal liability in
accordance with Paragraph 1 in Article 191 of the Criminal Law of the
People's Republic of China.
Those who commit the crime specified in the preceding provision and also
steal property therein shall be given a heavier punishment for the crime
of embezzlement in accordance with Paragraph 2 in Article 191 of the
Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 38
Persons who intentionally damage or destroy public postal facilities such
as mailboxes, where such acts are not serious enough for criminal
punishment, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article
25 of Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Administrative
Penalties for Public Security; where circumstances are serious, such
persons shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with
the provisions of Article 156 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic
of China.
Article 39
Postal personnel who refuse to handle postal business which should be
handled according to law or who intentionally delay the delivery of postal
materials shall be given administrative disciplinary sanction. Postal
personnel who are derelict in their duties and bring about great loss to
public property and the interests of the state and the people shall be
investigated for criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of
Article 187 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 40
Persons who, in violation of provisions of Article 8 of this Law, handle
the business of posting and delivering mail or articles with
characteristics of mail shall be ordered by industrial and commercial
administrative authorities to return the mail and other articles and the
postal fees they have obtained from the senders, and a fine shall be
imposed on them.
Parties concerned who refuse to obey the decision of punishment may bring
suit to the people's court within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice.
If parties concerned neither bring suit to the people's court nor
implement the decision before the time limit expires, the industrial and
commercial administrative authorities shall apply to the people's court
for mandatory enforcement.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 41
The meanings of the following terms used in this Law are:
(1) postal materials: referring to mail, printed matter, postal parcels,
money orders, newspapers, periodicals, etc., posted and delivered by
postal enterprises.
(2) mail: referring to letters and postcards.
(3) ordinary postal materials: referring to the postal materials that
postal enterprises and their branch offices do not issue receipts for upon
acceptance and posting, and do not request recipients to sign for on
delivery.
(4) vouchered postal materials: referring to postal materials such as
registered mail, postal parcels, insured postal materials, etc., that the
postal enterprises and their branch offices issue receipts for upon
acceptance and posting, and for which recipients are requested to sign on
delivery.
(5) international postal articles: referring to printed matter and postal
parcels posted and delivered between users of the People's Republic of
China and users of foreign countries or regions.
(6) special postal articles: referring to postal date-marks, postal tongs
for lead sealing and postal bags.
Article 42
If provisions of this Law contravene those of the international treaties
concerning international postal affairs which the People's Republic of
China has concluded or to which China is a party, the provisions of the
international treaties concerned shall prevail, with the exception of the
treaty clauses on which the People's Republic of China has declared
reservations.
Article 43
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall,
in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which
shall go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State
Council.
Article 44
This Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1987.


人民检察院看守所检查工作细则(试行)

最高人民检察院


人民检察院看守所检查工作细则(试行)

1987年7月23日,最高人民检察院

前言
根据《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国人民检察院组织法》,结合看守所检察工作实践经验,制订本细则。

第一章 职权、任务和工作原则
第一条 人民检察院看守所检察的职权是:
(一)对看守所的活动是否合法实行监督;
(二)对看守所是否依法执行刑事案件的判决、裁定和决定实行监督。
第二条 人民检察院看守所检察的基本任务是:检察看守所执行有关法律、政策的情况,保障有关法律、政策的正确实施,保障依法羁押人犯;保护公民不受非法拘禁,维护在押人犯的合法权利;打击在押人犯羁押期间的犯罪活动,维护监管秩序;通过检察活动,对人犯进行法制宣传教育;以保障刑事诉讼活动顺利进行。
第三条 在看守所检察中,必须坚持有法必依,执法必严,违法必究,独立行使检察权。
看守所检察工作人员应当忠于职守,模范地遵守宪法和法律,实事求是,调查研究,坚持原则,讲究方法,注重效果。

第二章 业务范围
第一节 对收押释放人犯的监督
第四条 检察看守所收押人犯是否有《逮捕证》、《拘留证》,被羁押的人犯是否与羁押证件一致。
第五条 检察看守所为外地临时羁押人犯是否有县级以上公安、检察、法院、安全和劳动改造机关的通缉、追捕、押解、寄押等法定文书、证件。
第六条 检察看守所是否有依法不应当收押的正在怀孕或者哺乳自己婴儿的妇女以及患有严重疾病的人。
第七条 检察看守所是否收押有法律规定不负刑事责任的人。
第八条 检察看守所在接到有关法律文书后,是否立即释放下列在押人员:
(一)拘留、逮捕后,24小时内经过讯问发现不应当拘留、逮捕的;
(二)人民检察院决定不批准逮捕的;
(三)办案单位决定撤销案件的;
(四)人民法院决定不起诉、免予起诉的;
(五)人民法院判决无罪、免除刑事处罚的。
第九条 检察在押人犯变更强制措施的手续是否完备。
第二节 对羁押人犯期限的监督
第十条 检察看守所羁押人犯法的法定期限:
(一)对羁押即将到期的,是否及时报告检察机关;
(二)对已超期羁押的,是否及时报告检察机关;
(三)延长羁押期限的法律手续是否完备。
第十一条 对在押人犯超羁押期限的,应当报告检察长,并及时向办案单位提纠正,属于上级承办案件的在押人犯超羁押期限的,应当报请上级检察院向办案单位提出纠正。
第三节 对执行刑事案件判决裁定的监督
第十二条 检察看守所接到人民法院已发生法律效力的判决书、裁定书和执行通知书后,是否及时将罪犯交付执行。
第十三条 检察看守所对判处无期徒刑、有期徒刑或者拘役的罪犯,须要暂予监外执行的,是否符合法定条件,手续是否完备。
第十四条 检察看守所对留所服刑的罪犯收押、减刑、假释、释放是否符合规定:
(一)是否有人民法院的判决书、裁定书、执行通知书;
(二)是否符合在看守所服刑的有关规定;
(三)对罪犯减刑、假释是否合法;
(四)服刑期满的是否依法按期释放,并发给刑满释放证。
第四节 对看守所管理教育活动的监督
第十五条 检察看守所对男犯和女犯、同案犯、未决犯和已决犯是否实行分押分管。
第十六条 检察看守所对人犯的监室和活动场所,特别是重要案犯、死刑犯的监管戒是否严密安全。提审、押解是否符合规定。
第十七条 检察看守所是否有用人犯代行干警察(以下简称武警)对人犯使用械具、警戒、武器是否符合规定。
第十九条 检察看守所对人犯的通信、接见、财物管理等是否符合规定。
第二十条 检察看守所组织人犯生产劳动是否符合规定。
第二十一条 检察看守所对人犯的伙食标准、生活卫生、病伤治疗是否符合规定。
第二十二条 检察看守所人犯死亡是否经法医或者县级以上医院作出死因鉴定,是否经同级人民检察院、人民法院检验,是否通知办案单位及其家属。
第二十三条 检察看守所干警和武警对人犯有无体罚虐待、侮辱人格的行为。
第二十四条 检察看守所有无扣压人犯上诉、控告、申诉材料以及打击报复控告人的行为。
第二十五条 检察看守所干警、武警有无对人犯及其家属敲诈勒索、收受贿赂、为人犯通风报信、违法传递物品等行为。
第二十六条 检察看守所干警有无虚报冒领、克扣囚粮或者侵吞人犯财物等行为。
第五节 案件的处理
第二十七条 人民检察院监所检察部门受理公安机关侦查终结、移送起诉的在看守所服刑的罪犯又犯罪案件。
对在看守所服刑的罪犯脱逃后在外地作案,如果新罪是在发案地发现的,由发案地处理;捕回后发现的,按案件管辖分工办理。
在检察中发现看守所服刑的罪犯在判决时所没有发现的罪行,需要处以刑罚的案件,应当交原办案单位处理。
第二十八条 检察发现未决犯在羁押期间的犯罪案件,应当通知有关办案单位并案处理。
第二十九条 人民检察院监所检察部门直接立案侦查看守所干警、武警在看守所内发生的属于人民检察院管辖的犯罪案件。
第三十条 办理看守所内刑事案件,应当根据法律并参照《人民检察院刑事检察工作试行细则》、《人民检察院直接受理的经济检察案件立案标准的规定(试行)》、《人民检察院直接受理的法纪检察案件立案标准的规定(试行)》和《人民检察院直接受理侦查的刑事案件办案程序(试行)》的规定执行。
第六节 对申诉和控告的处理
第三十一条 人民检察院监所检察部门受理下列申诉、控告:
(一)在看守所服刑罪犯及其家属向人民法院申诉被驳回。又向人民检察院提出的申诉;
(二)在押人犯及其家属对看守所干警和武警看守管理活动中的违法行为提出的控告;
(三)上级检察院和本检察长交办的。
第三十二条 对申诉、控告案件,人民检察院监所检察部门可以自行查处,也可会同有关部门查处。
对确属冤错的申诉案件,应当按照审判监督程序向人法院提出抗诉。对无理申诉的,一般应当面驳回。
对控告属实的严重违法行为应当要求主管部门严肃处理;构成犯罪的要依法追究刑事责任。对控告不实的,应分别情况,予以处理,其中诬告构成犯罪的,应当依法追究刑事责任。

第三章 制度和方法
第三十三条 看守所检察工作必须做到经常化、制度化:
看守所检察工作人员必须经常深入看守所进行检察,对每个环节上发生的违法行为要及时发现并提出纠正,特别是对违法收押、释放的,做到当天发现当天提出纠正。对严重违法行为要及时查明情况提出纠正。
看守所检察应当建立健全岗位责任制、请示报告、定期总结和处理、纠正问题的登记等制度。检察中形成的文件、材料,应当分别立卷归档。
第三十四条 人民检察院看守所检察一般应当实行驻所检察。
第三十五条 看守所检察,可以听取情况介绍,召开看守所干警座谈会、调查会、个别谈话,调阅看守所有关文件材料,列席看守所、武警中队有关看管工作会议,察看监室、人犯活动场所和警戒设施等。
第三十六条 看守所检察工作人员在检察中可以找人犯谈话,听取人犯的反映和意见。
检察工作人员找女人犯个别谈话时,不得少于2人。
第三十七条 人民检察院监所检察部门可以和公安机关、人民法院、司法机关的有关部门建立联席会议制度,通报情况,交换意见。
第三十八条 检察发现看守所看管工作中存在的严重问题,应当报请检察长要求公安机关解决。必要时可以会同有关部门联合调查解决。
第三十九条 检察发现在押人犯喊冤或者有错拘、错捕、错判可能的,应当及时报告检察长处理。
第四十条 检察发现有关部门的办案人员在看守所内有违法行为时,应当及时提出纠正。
第四十一条 检察发现的一般违法行为,可口头提出纠正,对严重违法的,应当使用《纠正违法通知书》并要求告知处理结果;对拒不纠正的,报告上级检察院处理;构成犯罪的应当立案侦查。
第四十二条 办理看守所工作人员、武警的犯罪案件,在立案侦查前,可以会同主管部门联合调查。
第四十三条 在看守所检察中,对看守所严格依法管理教育的典型经验,可以协助有关部门进行总结推广。
第四十四条 对看守所发生的问题要及时报告上级检察机关;下列重大问题应当层报最高人民检察院:
(一)组织反革命集团、组织越狱、劫狱;
(二)行凶杀人、放火、抢夺武器、报复、伤害看守所干警和武警、聚众闹监、集体脱逃、重大案犯脱逃的;
(三)在押人犯中发生重大疫情、重大伤亡事故;
(四)私放款决犯和已决犯、体罚虐待人犯致死致残、非法击毙人犯和强奸女犯等。
第四十五条 各级人民检察院,要加强对看守所检察工作的领导。上级检察院监所检察部门要加强对下级检察院看守所检察的业务指导,注意总结交流经验;组织看守所检察干部进行巡回检查或者交叉检查,不断提高看守所检察工作水平。